Professional Scrum Master I. Exam. 100 questions.

Incorrect: Remember, although Management does not actively involve itself in the daily scrum, it doesn’t mean they have no role at all. Management supports the Product Owner with insights and information into high value product and system capabilities. They also Support the Scrum Master to cause organizational change that fosters empiricism, self-organization, bottom-up intelligence, and intelligent release of software. Management external to the Scrum team is incredibly important in setting the vision and strategy to guide the overall direction of the organization.

Incorrect: No Project Managers or Functional Managers exist within the Scrum Team. Scrum Team is only composed of Product Owner, Scrum Master and Development Team Members.

Incorrect: The Sprint Backlog belongs to the development team and every single item selected in a given sprint belongs to the development team. Even though individuals work on individual items, the responsibility of managing and completing the item belongs to the entire team.  All Sprint Backlog Items are “owned” by the entire Development Team, even though each one may be implemented by an individual development team member.

Incorrect: Scrum is defined as a framework within which people can address complex adaptive problems, while productively and creatively delivering products of the highest possible value.

Incorrect: The Sprint Review is at most a four-hour meeting for one-month Sprints. (Or shorter).

Incorrect: The Daily Scrum is a 15-minute time-boxed event for the Development Team. Time-boxed events are events that have a maximum duration. If the meeting agenda ends earlier, the meeting would be ended earlier than 15 mins.

Incorrect: The Sprint Planning is time-boxed to a maximum of eight hours for a one-month Sprint.

Incorrect: The Sprint Retrospective occurs after the Sprint Review and prior to the next Sprint Planning. This is at most a three-hour meeting for one-month Sprints or shorter.

Incorrect: Scrum is founded on empirical process control theory, or empiricism. Empiricism asserts that knowledge comes from experience and making decisions based on what is known. Three pillars uphold every implementation of empirical process control: transparency, inspection, and adaptation.

Incorrect: A Sprint begins right after the previous sprint ends & ends depending upon the length of the Sprint. The duration of a Sprint is fixed and cannot be shortened or lengthened. A new Sprint starts immediately after the conclusion of the previous Sprint. There is no gap or work done between Sprints.

Incorrect: 1. The Product Owner keeps communicating with the stakeholders, creates new items in the Product Backlog, revises the order of items, answers questions, makes sure that everyone has the right understanding of items, and checks the completed items with the Development Team to ensure they are Done based on the Definition of Done. The Product Owner is responsible for clearly expressing Product Backlog items to the development team and making trade-offs. The Product owner would thus know the requirements (business needs) of the Product backlog items. The Product Owner is responsible for ordering the items in the Product Backlog to best achieve goals and missions. Two or more Products can share a single Product Owner; however, he / she should be able to fulfill his / her duties.

Incorrect: 2. The Product Owner keeps communicating with the stakeholders, creates new items in the Product Backlog, revises the order of items, answers questions, makes sure that everyone has the right understanding of items, and checks the completed items with the Development Team to ensure they are Done based on the Definition of Done. The Product Owner is responsible for clearly expressing Product Backlog items to the development team and making trade-offs. The Product owner would thus know the requirements (business needs) of the Product backlog items. The Product Owner is responsible for ordering the items in the Product Backlog to best achieve goals and missions. Two or more Products can share a single Product Owner; however, he / she should be able to fulfill his / her duties.

Incorrect: 2. The product increment should be usable and releasable at the end of every Sprint, but it does not have to be ‘released’ by the Product Owner.

Incorrect: 5. Sprints are limited to one calendar month or shorter. The length of a Sprint thus could be Weekly, Biweekly or Monthly. Sprint should be short enough to keep the risk acceptable to the Product Owner.

Incorrect: 2. Sprints are limited to one calendar month or shorter. The length of a Sprint thus could be Weekly, Biweekly or Monthly. Sprint should be short enough to keep the risk acceptable to the Product Owner.

Incorrect: 3. The Scrum Master is a servant-leader for the Scrum Team. The Scrum Master helps those outside the Scrum Team understand which of their interactions with the Scrum Team are helpful and which aren’t. The Scrum Master helps everyone change these interactions to maximize the value created by the Scrum Team. The Scrum Guide Says the following ‘Scrum Master Service to the Development Team. The Scrum Master serves the Development Team in several ways, including:- Coaching the Development Team in self-organization and cross-functionality;- Helping the Development Team to create high-value products;- Removing impediments to the Development Team’s progress;- Facilitating Scrum events as requested or needed; and,- Coaching the Development Team in organizational environments in which Scrum is not yet fully adopted and understood’

Incorrect: 3. The Scrum Master is a servant-leader for the Scrum Team. The Scrum Master helps those outside the Scrum Team understand which of their interactions with the Scrum Team are helpful and which aren’t. The Scrum Master helps everyone change these interactions to maximize the value created by the Scrum Team. The Scrum Guide Says the following ‘Scrum Master Service to the Development Team. The Scrum Master serves the Development Team in several ways, including:- Coaching the Development Team in self-organization and cross-functionality;- Helping the Development Team to create high-value products;- Removing impediments to the Development Team’s progress;- Facilitating Scrum events as requested or needed; and,- Coaching the Development Team in organizational environments in which Scrum is not yet fully adopted and understood’

Incorrect: 4. The Scrum Master ensures that the Development Team has the Daily scrum meeting but does not have to be present in the meeting. If others are present in the Daily Scum, the Scrum Master ensures that they do not disrupt the meeting.

Incorrect: 4. The Scrum Team consists only of the following roles. No other roles but the ones mentioned below.- Product Owner.- The Development Team.- Scrum Master.

Incorrect: 1. To begin with there is no such role as a ‘Project Manager’. The Development team member themselves are self-governing and responsible for managing and execution of their own work. The Project Manager is frankly taking a part of the development teams responsibility in this situation

Incorrect: 2. The Daily Scrum is a 15-minute time-boxed event for the Development Team. The Daily Scrum is held every day of the Sprint at the same place and same time to maintain consistency.

Incorrect: 2. Development Team size is between 3 to 9 members. The Scrum Team is Development Team+ Scrum Master + Product Owner. Thus, the ideal size of the Scrum team sums to between 5 to 11 members (assuming 1 Product Owner and 1 Scrum Master)

Incorrect: 1. Multiple Scrum Teams often work together on the same product. One Product Backlog is used to describe the upcoming work on the product by one Product Owner.

Incorrect: 2. The development Team should work on and deliver a product increment which usable and releasable at the end of every Sprint.

Incorrect: 2. The Scrum guide mentions that at least one functionality should be delivered by the development team every sprint.

Incorrect: 2. During the Sprint Review, the Scrum Team and stakeholders collaborate about what was done in the Sprint. Based on that and any changes to the Product Backlog during the Sprint, attendees collaborate on the next things that could be done to optimize value. The Development Team also discusses what went well during the Sprint, what problems it ran into, and how those problems were solved in the Sprint Review Meeting.

Incorrect: 2. During the Sprint Review, the Scrum Team and stakeholders collaborate about what was done in the Sprint. Based on that and any changes to the Product Backlog during the Sprint, attendees collaborate on the next things that could be done to optimize value. The Development Team also discusses what went well during the Sprint, what problems it ran into, and how those problems were solved in the Sprint Review Meeting.

Incorrect: 2. During the Sprint Review, the Scrum Team and stakeholders collaborate about what was done in the Sprint. Based on that and any changes to the Product Backlog during the Sprint, attendees collaborate on the next things that could be done to optimize value. The Development Team also discusses what went well during the Sprint, what problems it ran into, and how those problems were solved in the Sprint Review Meeting.

Incorrect: 2. Technical Domain Experts or people outside the scrum team (if invited by the Development Team) may attend Sprint Planning to give advice. The Business stakeholders will not participate.

Incorrect: 1. People outside the Scrum Team can attend the Daily Scrums; however, they cannot participate (Participate actively). They are involvement is controlled and guided by the Scrum Master. Remember that the technical team might need help from other business or technical users. The Team might invite others on the call to have a few questions answered. People outside the Scrum team can attend this meeting however they cannot actively participate. Only the development team actively participates in the Daily Scrum Calls.

Incorrect: 2. People outside the Scrum Team can attend the Daily Scrums; however, they cannot participate (Participate actively). They are involvement is controlled and guided by the Scrum Master. Remember that the technical team might need help from other business or technical users. The Team might invite others on the call to have a few questions answered. People outside the Scrum team can attend this meeting however they cannot actively participate. Only the development team actively participates in the Daily Scrum Calls.

Incorrect: 2. The Product Owner keeps communicating with the stakeholders, creates new items in the Product Backlog, revises the order of items, answers questions to makes sure that everyone has the right understanding of items, and checks the completed items with the Development Team to ensure they are Done based on the Definition of Done.

Incorrect: 1. The Product Owner explains what Product Backlog items have been ‘Done’ and what has not been ‘Done’ in the Sprint Review Meeting.

Incorrect: 2. During the Sprint Review, the Scrum Team and Key Stakeholders (people outside the Scrum Team) collaborate about what was done in the Sprint. In the Sprint Review the next things that could be done to optimize value is also reviewed. The result of the Sprint Review is a revised Product Backlog that defines the probable Product Backlog items for the next Sprint.

Incorrect: 1. Yes, the Development team are responsible to manage their own work, the way they want it. The development team may decompose a product backlog item into multiple items within a sprint backlog. The development team create mock UI’s, create spikes (models of the functionalities needed) of certain functionalities as needed.

Incorrect: 5. During each Sprint Retrospective, the Scrum Team plans ways to increase product quality by adapting and improving the definition of ‘Done’ as appropriate. So, definition of done is changes with time. There is no approval process mentioned in the Scrum guide.

Incorrect: 1. A first Sprint requires no more than a Product Owner, a team, and enough ideas to potentially complete a full Sprint.

Incorrect: 1. A duty of the Scrum Team is to be transparent. Those who need information are responsible for getting it. So, people concerned about the progress can investigate the artifacts of the Scrum Team (Product Backlog, Sprint Backlog) and visit the next Sprint Review.

Incorrect: 1. The Product Owner is the sole person responsible for managing the Product Backlog. Product Backlog management includes: – Clearly expressing Product Backlog items; – Ordering the items in the Product Backlog to best achieve goals and missions

Incorrect: 1. The Product Owner is the sole person responsible for managing the Product Backlog. Product Backlog management includes: – Clearly expressing Product Backlog items; – Ordering the items in the Product Backlog to best achieve goals and missions

Incorrect: 4. Product Owner should focus on – Key Stakeholder Involvement In order to maximize value, the Product Owner should identify the key stakeholders for the product and involve them as necessary throughout the development effort. – Product Marketplace The Product Owner should be expertly aware of the marketplace for the product. They should constantly be gathering and re-gathering information and data regarding the marketplace, so that the product value is maximized. – Product Release Decisions The Product Owner is the one and only person who can decide whether to release the latest increment of the Product. For value to be captured, a release of the product must occur.

Incorrect: 2. All Sprint Backlog Items are “owned” by the entire Development Team, even though each one may be implemented by an individual development team member. Thus, it’s not necessary for every Sprint Backlog item to have an individual owner.

Incorrect: 1, 2, 3, 5. The Scrum Guide recognizes the following Scrum Values: commitment, courage, focus, openness and respect. They are all impacted by lack of trust or transparency. Strength is not a value.

Incorrect: 1. Different Teams working on the same Product can:- Have different Sprint Lengths.- Have different Scrum Masters.- Have only one Product Owner.

Incorrect: 1. Only the Development Team can change its Sprint Backlog during a Sprint. The Product Owner might help or influence the team to help select and plan items for a Sprint Backlog however the development team has the final authority and control over the sprint backlog as it’s the ‘developers work queue’. The Scrum Guide States ‘Only the Development Team can assess what it can accomplish over the upcoming Sprint.’

Incorrect: 1. The Product Owner is responsible for managing the Product Backlog maximizing the value of the Product. He can add remove items as needed from the Product Backlog. The Scrum Guide States ‘The Product Owner is the sole person responsible for managing the Product Backlog.’

Incorrect: 1. Sprint Review is a meeting where Members external to the Scrum Team can actively participate.

Incorrect: 3. The Product Owner is responsible for inviting the Key Stakeholders to the Sprint Review meeting. The Scrum Guide States ‘Attendees include the Scrum Team and key stakeholders invited by the Product Owner”

Incorrect: 1. A duty of the Scrum Team is to be transparent. Those who need information are responsible for getting it. So, the managers can investigate the artifacts of the Scrum Team (Product Backlog, Sprint Backlog) and visit the next Sprint Review if needed.

Incorrect: 4. The Scrum Guide states: ‘The Scrum Master ensures that the meeting is positive and productive. The Scrum Master participates as a peer team member in the Retrospective from the accountability over the Scrum process.’

Incorrect: 3. The Scrum guides states that ‘During each Sprint Retrospective, the Scrum Team plans ways to increase product quality by improving work processes or adapting the definition of ‘Done’, if appropriate and not in conflict with product or organizational standards’. Thus, it would be best to wait for the Sprint retrospective and improve the terms quality in the Definition of ‘Done’ for the product. The Scrum Guide States ‘During each Sprint Retrospective, the Scrum Team plans ways to increase product quality by improving work processes or adapting the definition of ‘Done’, if appropriate and not in conflict with product or organizational standards.’

Incorrect: 2. Only the Development Team can change the definition of ‘Done’. The best time to do so is during the Sprint retrospective where the team discusses how to increase product quality. As seen below in the Scrum Guide: ‘If “Done” for an increment is not a convention of the development organization, the Development Team of the Scrum Team must define a definition of ‘Done’ appropriate for the product. If there are multiple Scrum Teams working on the system or product release, the Development Teams on all the Scrum Teams must mutually define the definition of ‘Done.”

Incorrect: 1. Only the Development Team can change the definition of ‘Done’. The best time to do so is during the Sprint retrospective where the team discusses how to increase product quality. As seen below in the Scrum Guide: ‘If “Done” for an increment is not a convention of the development organization, the Development Team of the Scrum Team must define a definition of ‘Done’ appropriate for the product. If there are multiple Scrum Teams working on the system or product release, the Development Teams on all the Scrum Teams must mutually define the definition of ‘Done.”

Incorrect: 1. Only the Development Team can change the definition of ‘Done’. The best time to do so is during the Sprint retrospective where the team discusses how to increase product quality. As seen below in the Scrum Guide: ‘If “Done” for an increment is not a convention of the development organization, the Development Team of the Scrum Team must define a definition of ‘Done’ appropriate for the product. If there are multiple Scrum Teams working on the system or product release, the Development Teams on all the Scrum Teams must mutually define the definition of ‘Done.”

Incorrect: 1, 3. To ensure continuous improvement, the Sprint backlog should at least include one high priority process improvement identified in the previous Retrospective meeting. Remember all the items are added into the Product Backlog, however the Sprint backlog should at least include one high priority process improvement item.

Incorrect: 4. Only the Product Owner can cancel a Sprint. As seen below in the Scrum Guide ‘1. Sprint can be cancelled before the Sprint time-box is over. Only the Product Owner has the authority to cancel the Sprint, although he or she may do so under influence from the stakeholders, the Development Team, or the Scrum Master.’

Incorrect: 1. The Sprint Backlog is the set of Product Backlog items selected for the Sprint, plus a plan for delivering the product Increment and realizing the Sprint Goal. As seen in the Scrum Guide ‘The Sprint Backlog is the set of Product Backlog items selected for the Sprint, plus a plan for delivering the product Increment and realizing the Sprint Goal.’

Incorrect: 1, 2. Average items in the Product Backlog are usually Larger than items in the Sprint Backlog. This is how it works: [A] Items with different sizes are added to the Product Backlog [B] Items are sorted based on their business value [C] Large items on the top of the Product Backlog are broken down into smaller ones. These are more detailed than the ones at the bottom. That’s why the items on the top are smaller than those on the bottom. Remember that size is not a basis for ordering the Product Backlog items. As seen below in the Scrum Guide: Higher ordered Product Backlog items are usually clearer and more detailed than lower ordered ones. More precise estimates are made based on the greater clarity and increased detail; the lower the order, the less detail. Product Backlog items that will occupy the Development Team for the upcoming Sprint are refined so that any one item can reasonably be ‘Done’ within the Sprint time-box.

Incorrect: 1. Yes. The Scrum Master can be a Member of the Development Team however it’s not recommended as it may impact the responsibilities the scrum master is supposed to accomplish

Incorrect: 1. Yes. The Product Owner can be a Member of the Development Team however it’s not recommended as it may impact the responsibilities the Product Owner is supposed to accomplish

Incorrect: 4. The Sprint Goal is an objective set for the Sprint that can be met through the implementation of Product Backlog. It provides guidance to the Development Team on why it is building the Increment..

Incorrect: 2. The Product owner is responsible for the Product Backlog. The Product Owner can delegate the following to the development Team based on which the Development team can make changes to the Product Backlog: – Clearly expressing Product Backlog items; – Ordering the items in the Product Backlog to best achieve goals and missions

Incorrect: 1. The Development Team modifies the Sprint Backlog throughout the Sprint, and the Sprint Backlog emerges during the Sprint. This emergence occurs as the Development Team works through the plan and learns more about the work needed to achieve the Sprint Goal. As new work is recognized, the Development Team adds it to the Sprint Backlog.

Incorrect: 3. The development team is the owner of the Sprint backlog. They manage their work by managing the work within the Sprint Backlog. The development team continuously inspects the work remaining in the Sprint Backlog to project to make sure it achieves the Sprint Goal.

Incorrect: 1, 2, 3, 4. The inputs to the Sprint Planning are: – Product Backlog;- The latest product Increment;- Projected capacity of the Development Team during the Sprint;- Past performance of the Development Team

Incorrect: 2. Each component within the Scrum framework serves a specific purpose and is essential to Scrum’s success and usage. Just the way one can’t skip creating a Product or Sprint Backlog. Similarly, one can’t skip scheduling a meeting.

Incorrect: 1. Each component within the Scrum framework serves a specific purpose and is essential to Scrum’s success and usage. Just the way one can’t skip creating a Product or Sprint Backlog. Similarly, one can’t skip scheduling a meeting.

Incorrect: 5. Scrum is founded on empirical process control theory, or empiricism. Empiricism asserts that knowledge comes from experience and making decisions based on what is known.

Incorrect: 4. The Development Team is responsible for all estimates in the Product Backlog. The Product Owner may influence the Development Team by helping it understand and select trade-offs, but the people who will perform the work make the final estimate.

Incorrect: 1, 2, 3. Scrum Artifacts are:- Product Backlog- Sprint Backlog- Increments

Incorrect: 4. When a Sprint is cancelled, any completed and ‘Done’ Product Backlog items are reviewed. If part of the work is potentially releasable, the Product Owner typically accepts it. All incomplete Product Backlog Items are re-estimated and put back on the Product Backlog. The work done on them depreciates quickly and must be frequently re-estimated.

Incorrect: 2. The Scrum Master’s job is to work with the Scrum Team and the organization to increase the transparency of the artifacts. This work usually involves learning, convincing, and change. As the Scrum Guide States ‘The Scrum Master must work with the Product Owner, Development Team, and other involved parties to understand if the artifacts are completely transparent.’

Incorrect: 1, 2, 3, 4. The formal opportunities to inspect and adapt are Sprint Review, Daily Scrum, Sprint Planning and Sprint Retrospective.

Incorrect: 1, 5, 7. The Scrum Team is composed of the Scrum Master, Development Team and Product Owner. As seen below in the Scrum Guide

Incorrect: 3, 4, 5, 6. The Scrum framework consists of Scrum Teams and their associated roles, events, artifacts, and rules. Each component within the framework serves a specific purpose and is essential to Scrum’s success and usage. The rules of Scrum bind together the events, roles, and artifacts, governing the relationships and interaction between them.

Incorrect: 1, 2. Sprint Planning answers the following: – What can be delivered in the Increment resulting from the upcoming Sprint?- How will the work needed to deliver the Increment be achieved?

Incorrect: 2. During the Sprint:- No changes are made that would endanger the Sprint Goal;- Quality goals do not decrease; and,- Scope may be clarified and re-negotiated between the Product Owner and Development Team as more is learned.

Incorrect: 2. A Product Backlog is never complete. The earliest development of it only lays out the initially known and best-understood requirements. The Product Backlog evolves as the product and the environment in which it will be used evolves. The Product Backlog is dynamic; it constantly changes to identify what the product needs to be appropriate, competitive, and useful. As long as a product exists, its Product Backlog also exists.

Incorrect: 4. Scrum Master ensures that the meeting takes place but does not have to be present in the meeting.

Incorrect: 4. The Development Team demonstrates the work that it has ‘Done’ and answers questions about the Increment in the Sprint Review Meeting.

Incorrect: 1. The Development Team uses the Daily Scrum to inspect progress toward the Sprint Goal and to inspect how progress is trending toward completing the work in the Sprint Backlog.

Incorrect: 1. Every day in the Daily Scrum the Development Team should understand how it intends to work together as a self-organizing team to accomplish the Sprint Goal and create the anticipated Increment by the end of the Sprint.

Incorrect: 4. The structure & agenda of the meeting is set by the Development Team and can be conducted in different ways if it focuses on progress toward the Sprint Goal.

Incorrect: 1. The Scrum framework does not require the same Sprint length or aligned Sprints for all teams. So, the start date can be different. However, the Sprint length cannot be shortened or lengthened.

Incorrect: 3. A Sprint Review is a meeting in which the stakeholders see what was done. They also collectively decide on what needs to be done in the next sprint. Everything which needs to be done flows through the Product backlog. Thus, the result of the Sprint Review is a revised Product Backlog that defines the probable Product Backlog items for the next Sprint.

Incorrect: 4. Product Backlog refinement is an ongoing process which is the act of adding detail, estimates, and order to items in the Product Backlog. The Scrum Team decides how and when refinement is done. Product Management includes clearly expressing Product Backlog items; ordering the items in the Product Backlog to best achieve goals and missions; optimizing the value of the work the Development Team performs; ensuring that the Product Backlog is visible, transparent, and clear to all.

Incorrect: 1. A Product Backlog is never complete. As long as a product exists, its Product Backlog also exists.

Incorrect: 1. The Scrum Master does not have to be present in the Daily Scrum meetings. Development Team owes it and runs it.

Incorrect: 1, 2. One Product should at least have one product owner. However, the same Product Owner can work across Products. (Not recommended)

Incorrect: 3. The Product Backlog is an ordered list of everything that is known to be needed in the product. It is the single source of requirements for any changes to be made to the product. The Product Owner is responsible for the Product Backlog, including its content, availability, and ordering.

Incorrect: 2. The purpose of the Sprint Retrospective is to:- Inspect how the last Sprint went with regards to people, relationships, process, and tools;- Identify and order the major items that went well and potential improvements;- Create a plan for implementing improvements to the way the Scrum Team does its work.

Incorrect: 2. Product Backlog refinement usually consumes no more than 10% of the capacity of the Development Team.

Incorrect: 3, 4, 5. Remember. Scrum Supports Open Communication and is only successful if the development teams are self-organizing. Scrum Team also supports continuous Improvement by implementing one improvement item discussed in the Sprint Retrospective.

Incorrect: 3. Documenting all the requirements at the same time is not preferred or advised. Instead the Product Owner should focus more on the items which are going to be picked up in the sprint. He / she may continue to elaborate on the rest of the items as he / she find the time.

Incorrect: 4. Scum is a framework within which people can address complex adaptive problems, while productively and creatively delivering products of the highest possible value. Scrum can be used on any type of Projects.

Incorrect: 1. In Scrum, the source of all requirements and changes is the Product Backlog.

Incorrect: 4. In the real world, almost every sprint will have at least one or two sprint backlog items which won’t be completed. In such situations, the development team will work with the Product Owner to move it back to the Product Backlog. These items would then be moved to the Next Sprint Backlog from the Product Backlog, if needed.

Incorrect: 3. Remember the Sprint Goal is crafted by the whole Scrum Team, just not the Product Owner or the development team. If it needs to be changed, the entire team should be present.

Incorrect: 2. Every Sprint at least adds:- One Functionality.- Value to the Product

Incorrect: 2. A burn down chart is a graphical representation of work left to do versus time. The outstanding work (or backlog) is often on the vertical axis, with time along the horizontal. That is, it is a run chart of outstanding work. It is useful for predicting when all the work will be completed. It should be created end of every sprint at the minimum.